http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/education/story/855BF553DE2606C3862570FF00207E13?OpenDocument

 

Old sound is wafting through new school

By Georgina Gustin

ST. LOUIS POST-DISPATCH

01/22/2006

 

COLUMBIA

Like many newly built schools, Columbia Middle is airy and light-filled, with gleaming surfaces and clean, contemporary lines. But listen as you approach the entrance, and you'll hear something from another era: the strains of classical music floating through the air.

 

"We have it playing throughout the school day," said Principal Roger Chamberlain. "In the library, the gymnasium, the locker rooms, the restrooms - all the time."

 

Classical music is as much a part of the new building as the soaring "cafe-torium" (a combined cafeteria and auditorium) and the spacious classrooms. That was part of the plan, Chamberlain said.

 

When school administrators and faculty members sat down with architects from St. Louis-based Wm. B. Ittner Inc. to come up with design ideas, a good sound system was a priority. The system at the former school building was "old and crackly" and could only play music, barely audibly, in the hallways over an aging public address system, Chamberlain said. Now, administrators in the school's front office can pop in a few CDs, press some buttons and pipe music into different rooms at different volumes over a state-of-the-art system.

 

"It's something we do to set the tone in the building," Chamberlain said. "To me, it's controlling the sense of calm, especially with kids at this age level."

 

Chamberlain, along with teachers at the school, say classical music has a calming effect on students as they change classes, read in the library or eat in the cafeteria. And, while the music is not played in classrooms, Chamberlain also believes it could have a positive effect on academics.

 

"Research does show that it does seem to correlate with higher academic test scores," Chamberlain said. "I have no research to show that that's true for this school, other than we have good test scores."

 

The link between classical music and cognition has been studied for decades, but it first gained media prominence in the early 1990s when researchers at the University of California at Irvine released a study showing that college students who listened to Mozart performed better on IQ tests. Some research has suggested that listening to classical music as a young child, or even in the womb, stimulates brain development.

 

The studies sent parents scurrying to CD stores to snap up "Mozart's Greatest Hits." Some hospitals started giving new mothers classical CDs to play to their newborns. In Florida, lawmakers passed a law that's still in effect, requiring all state-funded day-care centers to play classical music.

 

Some researchers say, however, that claims of classical music's links to higher intelligence should be viewed with caution. Subsequent studies of the so-called "Mozart effect" have shown no statistically significant improvement in cognitive performance.

 

"How awake you feel affects intellectual performance, how pleasant you feel affects intellectual performance. So if you feel good because of your music, you may perform better," said Glenn Schellenberg, a professor of psychiatry at the University of Toronto who specializes in the interaction between exposure to music and intellectual ability. "Is music special in this way? I doubt it."

 

Candy and a word of praise can have the same effect, Schellenberg said.

 

Still, even skeptics say listening to classical music can't hurt. Like any other stimulant, it can boost an overall sense of well-being and, ultimately, performance.

 

"What we know about music listening is that music affects how you feel," Schellenberg said, "and that, in turn, can affect how you perform cognitively."

 

Mood music

 

For educators, and the architects who design schools for them, sound has become just one component of creating a positive learning environment.

 

Years ago, explained Dennis Young, president of Ittner, school administrators wanted public address systems just to communicate.

 

"Now," Young said, "we've progressed into what I call environmental design, which includes sound systems, acoustics, lighting and daylight harvesting. Now, the principal has at his or her fingertips all the tools necessary to create an educational environment to enhance the learning process."

 

Ittner architects have designed thousands of schools across the country, but Young said he believes Chamberlain may be among the first administrators to emphasize sound.

 

"I think Dr. Chamberlain is probably on the forefront of pulling the sound system into the learning environment," Young said.

 

Indeed, Chamberlain uses the new sound system to control or elevate the school's mood.

 

"If it's a down day, or if it's dull, we'll play a little Herb Alpert or something to pick things up," he said.

 

Chamberlain hopes that creating a positive feeling overall will help test scores.

 

"I think it's possible we'll see an improvement in test scores because it's more inviting," he said. "The music is a component of that."

 

Teachers at the school say they're pleased with the new system, too.

 

"I love it," said seventh-grade math teacher Kalli Zavorkia. "I think the kids are more well-behaved in the hallway."

 

But on a recent Friday, as Bach's Violin Concerto in D minor wafted through the air, Maggie Dorgan's fifth-grade music class had their minds on another genre.

 

When Dorgan asked her class what music they would like to hear in the school, a chorus, in unison, shouted: "Rock and Roll!"

 

Chamberlain laughed and said he'd consider taking requests.

 

ggustin@post-dispatch.com 618-624-2645